China’s loans to Africa worry World Bank chief

The president of the World Bank, David Malpass, has expressed concerns about some of the loans China has been making to developing economies in Africa.

It comes amid worries that countries including Ghana and Zambia are struggling to repay their debts to Beijing.

Malpass says the terms and conditions need to be “more transparent“.

“What I encourage strongly is that they be transparent in their contracts. That’s been one of the problems; if you write a contract and say ‘but don’t show it to anybody else’, that’s a minus. So get away from that.” Malpass said.

There was also a warning that “for governments in Africa, they shouldn’t be offering collateral as an inducement to make a loan, because it locks it up for generations. That’s been happening with China.”

China says that any such lending is done within international rules.Developing countries often borrow money from other nations or multilateral bodies to finance sectors that will grow their economies such as infrastructure, education and agriculture.

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However steep increases in interest rates in the US and other major economies over the last year are making loan repayments more expensive because lots of that borrowing is done in foreign currencies such as US dollars or euros.

It is a particularly acute problem for developing economies who can struggle to find the extra money that is required as the relative value of their own currency falls.

It is a “double whammy and it means that [economic] growth is going to be slower”, says Mr Malpass.

US-China rivalry

There is a growing rivalry between U.S and China for influence in Africa, whose abundance of natural resources include the metals, such as nickel, crucial for the batteries needed for technology such as electric cars.

Speaking in Ghana’s capital, Accra, US Vice-President Kamala Harris said “America will be guided not by what we can do for our African partners, but what we can do with our African partners”.

While highlighting a new nickel processing facility in Tanzania Ms Harris said the project would be supplying the US and other markets by 2026 and that it would “help address the climate crisis, build resilient global supply chains, and create new industries and jobs”.

That collaborative approach was praised by Mr Malpass who said the competition between the world’s two biggest economies was “maybe healthy for developing countries” as it provided different options.

China refutes suggestions that it is exploiting other countries with its financial support.

At a press conference this week Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Mao Ning said China “respects the will of relevant countries, has never forced any party to borrow money, has never forced any country to pay, will not attach any political conditions to loan agreements, and does not seek any political self-interest”.

Zainab Sa’id